T-Test

In the field of statistics, tests are frequently discussed, and today I’m here to focus on a specific test.

These tests are among the most commonly utilized ones, known for their simplicity and user-friendliness.

So, let’s dive right in.

T-test is a statistical test that helps us compare two groups or sets of data to see if there is a significant difference between them. The t-test comes in two main types: paired t-test and unpaired (or independent) t-test

Paired t-test:

• Imagine you have a group of people, and you measure their scores before and after they undergo some treatment or intervention (like a medication or training program).
• A paired t-test is used to compare the two sets of scores for each person individually.
• It tells you if there is a significant change in scores from before to after the treatment.
• It’s like looking at how each person’s performance improved or worsened after the intervention.
• Coding —

from scipy.stats import ttest_rel

# Sample data before and after treatment
before_treatment = [10, 12, 14, 15, 11]
after_treatment = [12, 13, 16, 18, 14]

# Perform paired t-test
result = ttest_rel(before_treatment, after_treatment)

print("Paired t-test result:")
print("T-statistic:", result.statistic)
print("P-value:", result.pvalue)

Output

Unpaired (Independent) t-test:

• Now, let’s say you have two separate groups of people, and you want to compare some specific characteristic between them.
• For example, you might want to compare the test scores of students from two different schools or compare the heights of men and women.
• An unpaired t-test is used when you have two independent groups, and you want to see if there is a significant difference between their average values.
• It tells you if the two groups are different from each other on the measured characteristic.
• Coding

from scipy.stats import ttest_ind

# Sample data for two independent groups
group1 = [60, 65, 70, 72, 68]
group2 = [55, 58, 63, 62, 59]

# Perform unpaired t-test
result = ttest_ind(group1, group2)

print("Unpaired t-test result:")
print("T-statistic:", result.statistic)
print("P-value:", result.pvalue)

Output

Pro- tip of what is T-statistic-

• t-statistic measures the difference between the means of two groups relative to the variability within the groups. It helps determine if the difference in means is statistically significant or just due to random chance.

Exciting blogs are on the way! Stay connected by following me for more engaging content.